Jupiter - Jupiter

Jupiter was the God of the Roman Gods. He held the position that Zeus had in Greek mythology. The planet "Jupiter" was named after him because Jupiter is the biggest planet in our solar system. Various Jupiter moons were also named after Roman Gods.

Chronos - Chronological

Chrono is the Greek God of time. Which is where we get the word "chronological" from, as "chronological" means in order, or in time. He was later adopted by the Romans as the God Saturn, and the planet in our solar system "Saturn" is named after him.